Optimizing catalyst layer composition of PEM fuel cell via machine learning: Insights from in-house experimental data
Yuze Hou, Patrick Schneider, Linda Ney, Nada Zamel
Abstract
• The ANN model is designed to predict the performance and durability of PEM fuel cells. • Data quality is ensured through precise control of characterization and CL production. • The behavior patterns of PEM fuel cells are captured at both the beginning and end of life. • The model can optimize CL ink composition based on specific operating conditions. • Valuable insights are derived through data mining, accelerating the development process. The catalyst layer (CL) is a pivotal component of Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cells, exerting a significant impact on both performance and durability. Its ink composition can be succinctly characterized by platinum (Pt) loading, Pt/carbon ratio, and ionomer/carbon ratio. The amount of each substance within the CL must be meticulously balanced to achieve optimal operation. In this work, we apply an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model to forecast the performance and durability of a PEM fuel cell based on its cathode CL composition. The model is trained and validated based on experimental data measured at our laboratories, which consist of data from 49 fuel cells, detailing their cathode CL composition, operating conditions, accelerated stress test conditions, polarization curves and ECSA measurements throughout their lifespan. The presented ANN model demonstrates exceptional reliability in predicting PEM fuel cell behavior for both beginning and end of life. This allows for a deeper understanding of the influence of each input on performance and durability. Furthermore, the model can be effectively applied to optimize the CL composition. This paper demonstrates the immense potential of AI, combined with a high-quality database, to advance fuel cell research.