Epigenetic regulation of pancreatic adenocarcinoma in the era of cancer immunotherapy
Kazumichi Kawakubo, Carlos Fernández-del Castillo, Andrew S. Liss
Abstract
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is a lethal cancer with poor response to chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Recent studies suggest that epigenetic alterations contribute to its aggressive biology and the tumor microenvironment which render it unresponsive to immune checkpoint blockade. Here, we review our current understandings of epigenetic dysregulation in pancreatic adenocarcinoma, its effect on the tumor immune microenvironment, and the potential for epigenetic therapy to be combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Topics & Concepts
EpigeneticsImmune checkpointTumor microenvironmentPancreatic cancerSurgical oncologyImmunotherapyImmune systemAdenocarcinomaMedicineEpigenetic therapyCancer researchHepatologyCancerImmunologyBiologyOncologyInternal medicineDNA methylationGeneticsGeneGene expressionEpigenetics and DNA MethylationPancreatic and Hepatic Oncology ResearchHistone Deacetylase Inhibitors Research