Photocatalytic carbocarboxylation of styrenes with CO<sub>2</sub>for the synthesis of γ-aminobutyric esters
Hyungwoo Hahm, Jiyun Kim, Jeong Yup Ryoo, Min Su Han, Sukwon Hong
Abstract
Metal-free photoredox-catalyzed carbocarboxylation of various styrenes with carbon dioxide (CO2) and amines to obtain γ-aminobutyric ester derivatives has been developed (up to 91% yield, 36 examples). The radical anion of (2,3,4,6)-3-benzyl-2,4,5,6-tetra(9H-carbazol-9-yl)benzonitrile (4CzBnBN) possessing a high reduction potential (-1.72 V vs. saturated calomel electrode (SCE)) easily reduces both electron-donating and electron-withdrawing group-substituted styrenes.
Topics & Concepts
ChemistryBenzonitrilePhotocatalysisYield (engineering)Saturated calomel electrodePhotochemistryOrganic chemistryCatalysisMedicinal chemistryElectrodeWorking electrodeElectrochemistryMaterials sciencePhysical chemistryMetallurgyCarbon dioxide utilization in catalysisCO2 Reduction Techniques and CatalystsRadical Photochemical Reactions