Efficient One-Pot Solvothermal Synthesis and Characterization of Zirconia Nanoparticle-Decorated Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposites: Evaluation of Their Enhanced Anticancer Activity toward Human Cancer Cell Lines
Nalinee Kanth Kadiyala, Badal Kumar Mandal, L. Vinod Kumar Reddy, C. H. W. Barnes, L. De Los Santos Valladares, Dwaipayan Sen
Abstract
High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide This study mainly deals with an effective one-pot solvothermal synthetic pathway for the preparation of uniformly dispersed zirconium oxide nanoparticles on the flattened rough surface of reduced graphene oxide (ZrO 2 /rGO NCs) using the aqueous leaf extract of Andrographis paniculata . After obtaining detailed information on the preparation and characterization, the anticancer activity of the synthesized ZrO 2 /rGO nanocrystals (NCs) was evaluated on two human cancer cell lines (A549 and HCT116) along with one normal human cell line (hMSC). The 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assays revealed that ZrO 2 /rGO NCs exhibited a dose-dependent cytotoxicity pattern. The cell viability (%) drastically decreases up to 96–98% after exposure to an optimal concentration of 10 ppm nanocomposites. Analysis of both the reactive oxygen species generation and the Annexin V-FTIC staining assays reveal that ZrO 2 /rGO NCs have the ability to induce apoptosis in A549 and HCT116 cell lines. Thus, the green synthesis of ZrO 2 /rGO NCs shows potential in developing efficient therapeutic agents for cancer therapy.