Lower Extremity Asymmetry Values Derived From Multiple Strength Testing Modes Are Associated With Perceived Functional Capabilities Among University Athletes
Zachary J. McClean, Nathan Boon-van Mossel, Mark McKenzie, Per Aagaard, Walter Herzog, Kati Pasanen, Victor Lun, Matthew J. Jordan
Abstract
Background: Muscle strength asymmetry and athlete introspective measures are associated with musculoskeletal (MSK) sport injury and reinjury. However, the interrelationship between mechanical and subjective measures of concentric and eccentric limb function needs further exploration. This includes investigating if an athlete’s perception of their overall MSK function influences limb asymmetry across different testing modalities. Objectives: To (i) explore the interrelationship between mechanical and subjective measures of lower limb function in university athletes and (ii) compare the consistency in interlimb strength asymmetries across different strength tests in groups of athletes with good, fair, and poor perceived limb function. Methods: University athletes ( n = 175; n = 87 females) from six sports completed four tests of muscle strength, power, and plyometric function along with an assessment of perceived limb function using the Sport Fitness Index (SFI). Participants were categorized into high (GOOD SFI ), fair (FAIR SFI ), and poor (POOR SFI ) perceived overall MSK function (perceived function) groups. Strength asymmetry indexes evaluated interlimb differences in concentric and eccentric maximal strength, countermovement jump (CMJ) impulse, unilateral CMJ height, and reactive strength index in unilateral repeat hop testing. Cumulative link mixed‐effects models assessed the relationship between strength asymmetries and perceived limb function. Results: The POOR SFI group showed increased asymmetry in concentric strength testing ( p = 0.022), more consistent interlimb asymmetries ( p < 0.001), and reduced overall muscle strength compared to the GOOD SFI group. Conclusion: Higher interlimb asymmetry in maximal concentric strength measures along with reduced muscle strength was found in the POOR SFI group compared to the GOOD SFI group. The POOR SFI group also showed greater consistency in muscle strength asymmetry derived across different tasks.