Enhanced bone regenerative properties of calcium phosphate ceramic granules in rabbit posterolateral spinal fusion through a reduction of grain size
Xiangfeng Li, Quan Zhou, Yonghao Wu, Cong Feng, Xi Yang, Linnan Wang, Yumei Xiao, Kai Zhang, Xiangdong Zhu, Limin Liu, Yueming Song, Xingdong Zhang
Abstract
Osteoinductivity is a crucial factor to determine the success and efficiency of posterolateral spinal fusion (PLF) by employing calcium phosphate (Ca-P) bioceramics. In this study, three kinds of Ca-P ceramics with microscale to nanoscale gain size (BCP-control, BCP-micro and BCP-nano) were prepared and their physicochemical properties were characterized. BCP-nano had the spherical shape and nanoscale gain size, BCP-micro had the spherical shape and microscale gain size, and BCP-control (BAM®) had the irregular shape and microscale gain size. The obtained BCP-nano with specific nanotopography could well regulate in vitro protein adsorption and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3 cells. In vivo rabbit PLF procedures further confirmed that nanotopography of BCP-nano might be responsible for the stronger bone regenerative ability comparing with BCP-micro and BCP-control. Collectedly, due to nanocrystal similarity with natural bone apatite, BCP-nano has excellent efficacy in guiding bone regeneration of PLF, and holds great potentials to become an alternative to standard bone grafts for future clinical applications.