Arcuate Nucleus of the Hypothalamus: Anatomy, Physiology, and Diseases
Juhyun Song, Seok‐Yong Choi
Abstract
The hypothalamus is part of the diencephalon and has several nuclei, one of which is the arcuate nucleus. The arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus (ARH) consists of neuroendocrine neurons and centrally-projecting neurons. The ARH is the center where the homeostasis of nutrition/metabolism and reproduction are maintained. As such, dysfunction of the ARH can lead to disorders of nutrition/metabolism and reproduction. Here, we review various types of neurons in the ARH and several genetic disorders caused by mutations in the ARH.
Topics & Concepts
Arcuate nucleusHypothalamusDiencephalonNucleusReproductionBiologyNeuroscienceEndocrinologyGeneticsRegulation of Appetite and ObesityGrowth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth FactorsHypothalamic control of reproductive hormones