Probing the production mechanism of neutron-rich nuclei in multinucleon transfer reactions
Xiang Jiang, Nan Wang
Abstract
Aiming at understanding the production mechanism of new neutron-rich nuclei around $N=126$, the multinucleon transfer reaction $^{136}\mathrm{Xe}+^{208}\mathrm{Pb}$ at ${E}_{\mathrm{c}.\mathrm{m}.}=450$ MeV has been investigated in the framework of the three-dimensional time-dependent Hartree-Fock (TDHF) theory and a statistical model GEMINI. The calculated production cross sections of the targetlike fragments are compared with the experimental data. The model predictions can well describe the yields of nuclei near the target. The reactions of $^{132}\mathrm{Sn}+^{208}\mathrm{Pb}$ at different incident energies above the Coulomb barrier are also studied. It is shown that this system is a better candidate for producing $N=126$ neutron-rich nuclei than using $^{136}\mathrm{Xe}$ as the projectile because of the favored proton pickup and neutron stripping transfer channels. The study of de-excitation effect indicates that the suitable incident energy to synthesize neutron-rich nuclei should be just above the Coulomb barrier. It is also found in $^{132}\mathrm{Sn}+^{208}\mathrm{Pb}$ that about 50 new neutron-rich nuclei with the production cross sections larger than ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}6}$ mb are obtained dominantly through quasifission and deep-inelastic collisions. However, those with $N=126$ are mainly from grazing collisions. Comparison with the results of the GRAZING model is also discussed.