Role of Toll-Like Receptor 4 in Mycobacterium avium subsp. <i>paratuberculosis</i> Infection of Bovine Mammary Epithelial (MAC-T) Cells <i>In Vitro</i>
Umesh K. Shandilya, Xiang Wu, Caitlin McAllister, Lucy M. Mutharia, Niel A. Karrow
Abstract
Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) is the causative agent for paratuberculosis or Johne’s disease (JD) in ruminants, a disease clinically very similar to Crohn’s disease in humans. Polymorphisms in the bovine Toll-like receptor genes ( TLR1 , TLR2 , and TLR4 ) have been shown to affect MAP recognition and host innate immune response and have been associated with increased susceptibility of cattle to paratuberculosis.
Topics & Concepts
BiologyCXCL10ChemokineTLR2ParatuberculosisInnate immune systemInterleukin 8TLR4Tumor necrosis factor alphaImmune systemCXCL16ImmunologyMicrobiologyInflammationMycobacteriumBacteriaGeneticsMycobacterium research and diagnosisGinseng Biological Effects and ApplicationsVeterinary medicine and infectious diseases