Plasmonic Nanomaterials in Photothermal Catalysis and Artificial Photosynthesis: Hot Electron Dynamics, Design Challenges, and Future Prospects
Shijie Li, Jilu Yang, Xiaowen Ruan, Xiaoqiang Cui, Sai Kishore Ravi
Abstract
Abstract Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR)‐enabled nanomaterials provide a promising platform for photothermal catalysis and artificial photosynthesis, addressing critical energy and environmental challenges. This review examines the dual role of LSPR nanomaterials in both hot electron dynamics and localized heating effects to enhance catalytic reactions. Fundamental mechanisms of LSPR are introduced, emphasizing how plasmon‐induced thermal effects and hot electron generation synergistically drive chemical transformations. Recent advancements are highlighted and optimized nanoscale thermal management strategies that enhance both reactivity and selectivity in catalytic applications are discussed. Through detailed analysis of material systems and their scalability challenges, future directions for developing robust, low‐cost plasmonic materials that leverage both photothermal and hot electron effects for sustainable, efficient solar‐to‐chemical energy conversion are presented. This review aims to guide the design of next‐generation plasmonic systems for diverse photothermal catalytic applications.