Cybersecurity in Industry 4.0 context: background, issues, and future directions
Haqi Khalid, Shaiful Jahari Hashim, Sharifah Mumtazah Syed Ahmad, Fazirulhisyam Hashim, Muhammad Akmal Chaudary
Abstract
A new revolution called Industry 4.0 (I4.0) is emerging and trending, in which industrial systems comprised of numerous sensors, actuators, and intelligent elements are interfaced and integrated into the smart factories with Internet communication technologies. I4.0 is currently driven by disruptive innovations that promise to provide opportunities for new value creations in all major market sectors. Cybersecurity is a common requirement in any Internet technology, thus it remains a major challenge to adopters of I4.0. This chapter provides a brief overview of a number of key components, principles, and paradigms of I4.0 technologies pertaining to cybersecurity. In addition, this chapter introduces industry-relevant cybersecurity vulnerabilities, risks, threats, and countermeasures with high-profile attack examples (e.g. BlackEnergy, Stuxnet) to help readers to appreciate and understand the state of the art. Finally, the chapter attempts to highlight the open issues and future directions of the system components in the context of cybersecurity for I4.0.