Review—Chemical Structures and Stability of Carbon-doped Graphene Nanomaterials and the Growth Temperature of Carbon Nanomaterials Grown by Chemical Vapor Deposition for Electrochemical Catalysis Reactions
Utkarsh Chadha, Sanyukta Sinha, Jaidhitya Jonna, Maitreya Goswami, Hammad Ghani, K. Ravindran Nair, Neelesh Pandey, Tarun Kataray, Senthil Kumaran Selvaraj, Preetam Bhardwaj, Murali Banavoth, Prashant Sonar
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been studied extensively utilizing the catalytic chemical vapor deposition (CCVD) process for several decades. CCVD is seen to have a better degree of control and scalability. CNTs have proved to be useful in single-molecule transistors, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) tips, gas and electrochemical storage, electron field emitting flat panel displays, and sensors. This paper summarizes various stabilizing agents such as cobalt ferrite and molybdenum disulphide that can increase the electrochemical activity of the Carbon Doped-Graphene Nanomaterials as Graphene doped with carbon shows a significant improvement in the properties in various aspects. We also investigated the electrochemical applications where CNTs are used as a prerequisite. Carbon nanotubes are seen in biosensors, energy storage, conductive plastics, and power fuel cells. Carbon nanomaterials’ influence on symmetrical and asymmetrical supercapacitors, carbon nanomaterials to power dye-synthesized solar cells, and the importance of CVD in the synthesis of carbon nanomaterials were also investigated.