Aqueous Processable One-Dimensional Polypyrrole Nanostructured by Lignocellulose Nanofibril: A Conductive Interfacing Biomaterial
Shujun Liang, Wenyang Xu, Liqiu Hu, Ville Yrjänä, Qingbo Wang, Emil Rosqvist, Luyao Wang, Jouko Peltonen, Jessica M. Rosenholm, Chunlin Xu, Rose‐Marie Latonen, Xiaoju Wang
Abstract
High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide One-dimensional (1D) nanomaterials of conductive polypyrrole (PPy) are competitive biomaterials for constructing bioelectronics to interface with biological systems. Synergistic synthesis using lignocellulose nanofibrils (LCNF) as a structural template in chemical oxidation of pyrrole with Fe(III) ions facilitates surface-confined polymerization of pyrrole on the nanofibril surface within a submicrometer- and micrometer-scale fibril length. It yields a core–shell nanocomposite of [email protected], wherein the surface of each individual fibril is coated with a thin nanoscale layer of PPy. A highly positive surface charge originating from protonated PPy gives this 1D nanomaterial a durable aqueous dispersity. The fibril–fibril entanglement in the [email protected] facilely supported versatile downstream processing, e.g., spray thin-coating on glass, flexible membranes with robust mechanics, or three-dimensional cryogels. A high electrical conductivity in the magnitude of several to 12 S·cm –1 was confirmed for the solid-form [email protected] The [email protected] are electroactive and show potential cycling capacity, encompassing a large capacitance. Dynamic control of the doping/undoping process by applying an electric field combines electronic and ionic conductivity through the [email protected] The low cytotoxicity of the material is confirmed in noncontact cell culture of human dermal fibroblasts. This study underpins the promises for this nanocomposite [email protected] as a smart platform nanomaterial in constructing interfacing bioelectronics.