Spiking Neural Networks for event-based action recognition: A new task to understand their advantage
Álex Vicente, Davide L. Manna, Paul Kirkland, Gaetano Di Caterina, Trevor Bihl
Abstract
Spiking Neural Networks (SNN) are characterised by their unique temporal dynamics, but the properties and advantages of such computations are still not well understood. In order to provide answers, in this work we demonstrate how Spiking neurons can enable temporal feature extraction in feed-forward neural networks without the need for recurrent synapses, and how recurrent SNNs can achieve comparable results to LSTM with a smaller number of parameters. This shows how their bio-inspired computing principles can be successfully exploited beyond energy efficiency gains and evidences their differences with respect to conventional artificial neural networks. These results are obtained through a new task, DVS-Gesture-Chain (DVS-GC), which allows, for the first time, to evaluate the perception of temporal dependencies in a real event-based action recognition dataset. Our study proves how the widely used DVS Gesture benchmark can be solved by networks without temporal feature extraction when its events are accumulated in frames, unlike the new DVS-GC which demands an understanding of the order in which events happen. Furthermore, this setup allowed us to reveal the role of the leakage rate in spiking neurons for temporal processing tasks and demonstrated the benefits of ”hard reset” mechanisms. Additionally, we also show how time-dependent weights and normalisation can lead to understanding order by means of temporal attention. Code for the DVS-GC task is available. • Experiments show how voltage integration in SNN enables temporal feature extraction. • SNN extract temporal features without the need for recurrent connections. • SNN are compared to LSTM, demonstrating an accuracy vs parameter efficiency tradeoff • The DVS Gesture dataset can be solved by networks without temporal feature extraction. • An event-based action recognition task is proposed based on temporal order perception. • Voltage leak and the reset strategy in SNN determines adaptation speed to new inputs.