Mainstreaming biodiversity in business decisions: Taking stock of tools and gaps
Pamela Katic, Stefania Cerretelli, Jeremy Haggar, Truly Santika, Conor Walsh
Abstract
Most businesses depend on biodiversity, either directly, indirectly as ecosystem services, or through their supply chains. In negatively impacting biodiversity, businesses risk losing essential resources and services. As a result, it is important for the private sector to demonstrate strong and improved performance on biodiversity. This paper reviews and compares tools and approaches that help businesses measure their performance on biodiversity issues. Through a literature review and interviews of tool developers, we assess how tools are constructed, how they measure biodiversity performance, how and where they are being used by different businesses and how they contribute to achieving international targets for biodiversity. We found that tools perform a range of functions and are mostly applied at product, site, and supply chain level. Further efforts are needed to align tools with global biodiversity goals. Key knowledge gaps remain to better capture dependence on biodiversity and spatial spillover effects.