Urban energy transition in smart cities: A comprehensive review of sustainability and innovation
Ashish Sharma, S. N. Singh, Mariana Martinez Serratos, Divyanshi Sahu, Vladimir Strezov
Abstract
Global urbanization strains city energy systems, with cities consuming 75% of global energy and emitting 80% of CO2. By 2050, 68% of population will reside in cities, adding 2.5 billion people. This systematic review assesses the sustainability, air quality, and economic benefits of urban energy transitions in megacities. Objectives include assessing net-zero energy pathways, impact of digital transformation on cities efficiency and resilience and technology GHG reduction. This study emphasises community roles, policy recommendations for inclusive, net-zero cities aligned with SDG 11 and highlight international best practices for urban transformation, offering practical recommendations for policymakers.