Enterococcus innesii sp. nov., isolated from the wax moth Galleria mellonella
Harriet C. C. Gooch, Raymond Kiu, Steven Rudder, David Baker, Lindsay J. Hall, Anthony Maxwell
Abstract
Four bacterial strains were isolated from two different colony sources of the wax moth Galleria mellonella . They were characterized by a polyphasic approach including 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, core-genome analysis, average nucleotide identity (ANI) analysis, digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH), determination of G+C content, screening of antibiotic resistance genes, and various phenotypic analyses. Initial analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequence identities indicated that strain GAL7 T was potentially very closely related to Enterococcus casseliflavus and Enterococcus gallinarum , having 99.5–99.9 % sequence similarity. However, further analysis of whole genome sequences revealed a genome size of 3.69 Mb, DNA G+C content of 42.35 mol%, and low dDDH and ANI values between the genomes of strain GAL7 T and closest phylogenetic relative E. casseliflavus NBRC 100478 T of 59.0 and 94.5 %, respectively, indicating identification of a putative new Enterococcus species. In addition, all novel strains encoded the atypical vancomycin-resistance gene vanC-4 . Results of phylogenomic, physiological and phenotypic characterization confirmed that strain GAL7 T represented a novel species within the genus Enterococcus , for which the name Enterococcus innesii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is GAL7 T (=DSM 112306 T =NCTC 14608 T ).