Antimicrobial activity of essential oils from <i>Lippia sidoides, Ocimum gratissimum</i> and <i>Zingiber officinale</i> against <i>Aeromonas</i> spp.
Patrícia Castro Monteiro, Cláudia Majolo, Francisco Célio Maia Chaves, H. R. Bizzo, Fernanda Loureiro de Almeida, Edsandra Campos Chagas
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of Lippia sidoides, Ocimum gratissimum and Zingiber officinale‘s essential oils against Aeromonas spp. isolates from Colossoma macropomum, and to determine their chemical composition. Essential oils were obtained through hydrodistillation and their chemical composition analyzed using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. The antimicrobial activity of the oils was evaluated by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The major compounds were thymol (76.6%), p-cymene (6.3%) and (E)- β-caryophyllene (5.0%) in L. sidoides; eugenol (43.3%), 1,8-cineole (28.2%) and β-selinene (5.5%) in O. gratissimum; and geranial (23.2%), neral (16.7%) and 1,8-cineole (15.8%) in Z. officinale. All the essential oils evaluated showed bactericidal action against isolates of Aeromonas spp., with MIC and MBC ranging from 625 to 5,000 μg mL−1. We highlight the L. sidoides oil with the best antimicrobial activity (MIC and MBC ranging from 625 to 1,250 μg mL−1).