Femtosecond timing synchronization at megahertz repetition rates for an x-ray free-electron laser
Tokushi Sato, Romain Letrun, Henry Kirkwood, Jia Liu, Patrik Vagovič, Grant Mills, Yoonhee Kim, Cedric M. S. Takem, Marc Planas, Moritz Emons, Tomasz Jeżyński, Guido Palmer, Max Lederer, Sebastian Schulz, J.J. Mueller, H. Schlarb, A. Silenzi, Gabriele Giovanetti, A. Parenti, Martin Bergemann, Thomas Michelat, J. Szuba, Jan Grünert, Henry N. Chapman, Adrian P. Mancuso⋈
Abstract
A critical challenge of pump-probe experiments with x-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) is accurate synchronization of x-ray and optical pulses. At the European XFEL we observed megahertz rate timing jitter of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mn>24.0</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>±</mml:mo> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mn>12.4</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mspace width="thickmathspace"/> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">f</mml:mi> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">s</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> .