Structure Evolution of V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> as Electrode Materials for Metal‐Ion Batteries
Xiaogang Niu, Nan Li, Yifan Chen, Jianwen Zhang, Yusi Yang, Lulu Tan, Jianghao Wu, Lin Guo, Yujie Zhu
Abstract
Abstract With the increasing demand for next‐generation electrochemical energy storage systems, various kinds of metal‐ion batteries have been developed in the past several decades, such as lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs), sodium‐ion batteries (NIBs), potassium‐ion batteries (KIBs), magnesium‐ion batteries (MIBs), zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs), calcium‐ion batteries (CIBs), and aluminum‐ion batteries (AIBs). Due to its open structure, large interlayer spacings, multiple valence states, and reversible structural variations, layered V 2 O 5 , including two polymorphs of single layered α‐V 2 O 5 and double layered V 2 O 5 ⋅ n H 2 O, has been reported as a universal electrode material for all kinds of metal‐ion batteries mentioned above. In this review, we aim to summarize and compare the structure evolution of α‐V 2 O 5 and V 2 O 5 ⋅ n H 2 O during the insertion/extraction of various kinds of metal‐ions. This short review is expected to be helpful to comprehensively understand the structure evolution mechanism of α‐V 2 O 5 and V 2 O 5 ⋅ n H 2 O reacting with different metallic charge carriers and inspire the development of new electrode materials for high‐performance metal‐ion batteries.