Zr-Doped High-Voltage Spinel LiNi<sub>0.5</sub>Mn<sub>1.5</sub>O<sub>4</sub> Manufactured via the Coprecipitation Method
Young-Woong Song, Jung-Hwan Lee, Younghoon Jung, Min Young Kim, Jinsub Lim
Abstract
Lithium nickel manganese oxide (LiNi 0.5 Mn 1.5 O 4, LNMO) provides an elevated operating potential of 4.7 V and a theoretical capacity of 147 mAh g –1, without the need for expensive cobalt. Zr-doped LNMO was synthesized using the coprecipitation technique with Couette–Taylor flow. FE-SEM images and TEM SAED patterns revealed that Zr-doped LNMO formed truncated octahedral structures with exposed (100) crystal facets. When compared to undoped LNMO, Zr-doped LNMO exhibited superior electrochemical performance. Electrochemical evaluations showed that Zr 0.1 -LNMO achieved 85.9% rate capability at 10 C, significantly outperforming the 69.1% of bare LNMO. In addition, Zr 0.1 -LNMO exhibited high stability, maintaining 76.8% of the discharge capacity even after 100 cycles.