Entanglement growth in diffusive systems
Marko Žnidarič
Abstract
Abstract Entanglement helps in understanding diverse phenomena, going from quantifying complexity to classifying phases of matter. Here we study the influence of conservation laws on entanglement growth. Focusing on systems with U (1) symmetry, i.e., conservation of charge or magnetization, that exhibits diffusive dynamics, we theoretically predict the growth of entanglement, as quantified by the Rényi entropy, in lattice systems in any spatial dimension d and for any local Hilbert space dimension q (qudits). We find that the growth depends both on d and q , and is in generic case first linear in time, similarly as for systems without any conservation laws. Exception to this rule are chains of 2-level systems where the dependence is a square-root of time at all times. Predictions are numerically verified by simulations of diffusive Clifford circuits with upto ~ 10 5 qubits. Such efficiently simulable circuits should be a useful tool for other many-body problems.