Estimation of Forest Leaf Area Index Using Meteorological Data: Assessment of Heuristic Models
Sepideh Karimi, Amir Hossein Nazemi, Ali Ashraf Sadraddini, Tongren Xu, Sayed M. Bateni, Ahmad Fakheri Fard
Abstract
Leaf Area Index (LAI) is an important structural feature of our ecosystem as it affects energy, carbon, and water exchanges between the land surface and overlying atmosphere. Global scale LAI datasets have been obtained by regression, heuristic data driven, and radiative transfer models using remotely sensed land surface reflectance data. However, the estimation of LAI from remotely sensed data is limited only to clear sky conditions. Also, it is problematic to estimate LAI in forests by using conventional remote sensing image analysis of multi-spectral data. Due to the above-mentioned shortcomings of estimating LAI from remotely sensed data, this study obtained LAI from meteorological data using the Gene Expression Programming (GEP) technique. The new approach was tested in different forest sites with broad-leaf and needle-leaf trees in USA. The results showed that the GEP technique can accurately estimate LAI from meteorological data in different forest sites.