Innovations and insights in environmental monitoring and assessment in port areas
Martí Puig, Rosa Maria Darbra Roman
Abstract
Environmental monitoring and assessment in port areas are vital for mitigating the impacts of maritime activities on surrounding ecosystems and communities. This review paper synthesizes recent literature (57 papers) from 2022 to 2024, highlighting technological advancements, case studies, and future directions. The integration of traditional and innovative approaches, such as remote sensing, Geographic Information Systems, big data analytics, and autonomous vehicles, is emphasized to enhance monitoring effectiveness. Key environmental issues, such as air and water pollution, habitat degradation, and noise pollution, are examined, alongside initiatives addressing these concerns. This review aims to inform researchers, practitioners, and policymakers about state-of-the-art techniques and emerging challenges in port environmental monitoring, contributing to sustainable port development and management.