Scalable, Ultrathin, and High‐Temperature‐Resistant Solid Polymer Electrolytes for Energy‐Dense Lithium Metal Batteries
Yinxing Ma, Jiayu Wan, Yufei Yang, Yusheng Ye, Xin Xiao, David Boyle, W. E. Burke, Zhuojun Huang, Hao Chen, Yi Cui, Yi Cui, Zhiao Yu, Solomon T. Oyakhire, Yi Cui, Yi Cui
Abstract
Abstract All‐solid‐state batteries (ASSBs) demonstrate great promise, offering high energy density, good thermal stability, and safe operation compared with traditional Li‐ion batteries. Among various solid‐state electrolytes (SSEs), solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) offer an attractive choice due to their thinness, low density, and good manufacturability. However, ultrathin SPEs that work with practical current densities or at high temperatures remain challenging, limiting applicable conditions of SPE‐based batteries. Here, the authors report a novel scalable, ultrathin, and high‐temperature‐resistant SPE for ASSBs. This design includes an electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) matrix and polyethylene oxide (PEO)/Li salt ionic conductor, which offers a stable LiF and Li 3 N containing SSE/Li interface. The unique interface—as well as the good mechanical strength—inhibits lithium dendrites and prevents short circuiting. As a result, symmetrical LiLi cells deliver more than 300 h cyclability at 0.5 mA cm −2 . ASSBs fabricated with only 5 µm‐thickness PAN‐PEO/lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide reach 300 cycles at 0.3 C rate at 60 °C. The excellent thermal stability of PAN also results in safer SPEs at high temperatures. The design extends battery operation up to temperatures of 120 and 150 °C, where it achieves 500 cycles at C/2 rate and 100 cycles at 2C rate, respectively.