Cranial ultrasound findings in preterm germinal matrix haemorrhage, sequelae and outcome
eurUS.brain group, Alessandro Parodi, Paul Govaert, Sandra Horsch, María Carmen Bravo, Luca A. Ramenghi
Abstract
Germinal matrix-intraventricular haemorrhage (GMH-IVH), periventricular haemorrhagic infarction (PHI) and its complication, post-haemorrhagic ventricular dilatation (PHVD), are still common neonatal morbidities in preterm infants that are highly associated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcome. Typical cranial ultrasound (CUS) findings of GMH-IVH, PHI and PHVD, their anatomical substrates and underlying mechanisms are discussed in this paper. Furthermore, we propose a detailed descriptive classification of GMH-IVH and PHI that may improve quality of CUS reporting and prediction of outcome in infants suffering from GMH-IVH/PHI.
Topics & Concepts
Germinal matrixMedicineOutcome (game theory)PediatricsUltrasoundObstetricsRadiologyPregnancyGestational ageBiologyMathematicsGeneticsIntraventricular hemorrhageMathematical economicsNeonatal Respiratory Health ResearchCongenital Diaphragmatic Hernia StudiesNeonatal and fetal brain pathology