Facile Synthesis of Protonated Carbon Nitride/Ti <sub>3</sub> C <sub>2</sub> T <sub>x</sub> Nanocomposite for Simultaneous Detection of Pb <sup>2+</sup> and Cd <sup>2+</sup>
Xuchu Lv, Fubin Pei, Shasha Feng, Yi Wu, Shen‐Ming Chen, Qingli Hao, Wu Lei
Abstract
A high-sensitivity electrochemical sensor for heavy metal ions (HMIs) was prepared by associating Ti 3 C 2 T x with protonated carbon nitride (H–C 3 N 4 /Ti 3 C 2 T x ). Due to the electrostatic interaction, massive H–C 3 N 4 was distributed on the surface of Ti 3 C 2 T x and served as coating material. H–C 3 N 4 /Ti 3 C 2 T x composite showed great conductivity derived from Ti 3 C 2 T x , and H-C 3 N 4 was with abundant electroactive deposition sites for the deposition of HMIs. In addition, the stability of H–C 3 N 4 /Ti 3 C 2 T x composite was enhanced due to the protective H–C 3 N 4 coating. The H–C 3 N 4 /Ti 3 C 2 T x electrode exhibited remarkable sensitivities for the simultaneous detection of Cd 2+ (0.05 ∼ 1.50 μ M) and Pb 2+ (0.05 ∼ 1.50 μ M) and the detection limit of Cd 2+ and Pb 2+ were 0.001 and 0.0006 μ M, respectively. Notably, sensor based on H–C 3 N 4 /Ti 3 C 2 T x composite showed excellent selectivity for Cd 2+ and Pb 2+ in the presence of interfere ions and molecules (K + , Na + , Ca 2+ , Hg 2+ , Cr 2+ , Cu 2+ , Cl − , NO 3 − , PO 4 − , ascorbic acid, uric acid, acetaminophen, glucose and nicotinamide). Besides that, distinguished stability and reproductivity of H–C 3 N 4 /Ti 3 C 2 T x electrode indicate that this sensor is promising for HMIs in wastewater and other commercial applications.