Gut Microbiota and Development of Vibrio cholerae-Specific Long-Term Memory B Cells in Adults after Whole-Cell Killed Oral Cholera Vaccine
Denise Chac, Taufiqur Rahman Bhuiyan, Amit Saha, Mohammad Murshid Alam, Umme Salma, Nusrat Jahan, Fahima Chowdhury, Ashraful Islam Khan, Edward T. Ryan, Regina C. LaRocque, Jason B. Harris, Firdausi Qadri, Ana A. Weil
Abstract
were more likely to develop an MBC response. We applied protein-normalized fecal supernatants of high and low MBC responders to THP-1-derived human macrophages to investigate the effect of microbial factors at the time of vaccination. Feces from individuals with higher MBC responses induced significantly different IL-1β and IL-6 levels than individuals with lower responses, indicating that the gut microbiota at the time of vaccination may "prime" the mucosal immune response to vaccine antigens. Our results suggest the gut microbiota could impact immune responses to OCVs, and further study of microbial metabolites as potential vaccine adjuvants is warranted.