Onset modules of heat source and generalized Fourier’s law on Carreau fluid flow over an inclined nonlinear stretching sheet
Mojeed T. Akolade, Samson A. Agunbiade, Timothy L. Oyekunle
Abstract
The motivation for this comparative examination is to verify and account for the appropriate source of heat energy needed in production industries, and to expunge the contradictions between Fourier’s law and the theory of relativity. In heat management such as in engineering systems, the required heat for effective melting, production rate, etc. dictates the appropriate heat generation/injection module to be deployed. However, the material medium of heat transmission can be a hindering factor for a successful convection process, to this, an investigation of the instantaneous heat propagation paradox is required. An assumption of induced flow due to stretching characteristics is made, and an appropriate similarity transformation is deployed for the governing systems. By means of the Galerkin-weighted residual method, numerical solutions to the system of equations are approximated and validated. In a limited case, the solution compares favourably with existing literature, while the novel comparative investigation predicts the dominance of the Temperature-Dependent Heat Source (TDHS) capable of weakening the fluid cohesive force and upsurging the energy rate in short time in contrast to the Space-Dependent Heat Source (SDHS) module. The material relaxation phenomenon indicated that more time will be needed for prosperous/equal heat energy transfer. Further heat transfer enhancement is called for higher discharge of radiation and boosting of thermal conductivity, while TDHS module is strongly recommended in highly required heat systems.