LY6E Restricts Entry of Human Coronaviruses, Including Currently Pandemic SARS-CoV-2
Xuesen Zhao, Shuangli Zheng, Danying Chen, Mei Zheng, Xinglin Li, Guoli Li, Hanxin Lin, Jinhong Chang, Hui Zeng, Ju‐Tao Guo
Abstract
Virus entry into host cells is one of the key determinants of host range and cell tropism and is subjected to the control of host innate and adaptive immune responses. In the last decade, several interferon-inducible cellular proteins, including IFITMs, GILT, ADAP2, 25CH, and LY6E, had been identified to modulate the infectious entry of a variety of viruses. Particularly, LY6E was recently identified as a host factor that facilitates the entry of several human-pathogenic viruses, including human immunodeficiency virus, influenza A virus, and yellow fever virus. Identification of LY6E as a potent restriction factor of coronaviruses expands the biological function of LY6E and sheds new light on the immunopathogenesis of human coronavirus infection.