One-step upgrading of bio-based furfural to γ-valerolactone <i>via</i> HfCl₄-mediated bifunctional catalysis

Abstract

hydrolysis were found to play a synergistic role in the cascade reaction processes, mainly contributing to the pronounced catalytic activity. The effects of the key reaction parameters, such as the catalyst dosage, reaction time, and temperature, on GVL production were optimized by response surface methodology. It is worth mentioning that the recovered catalyst after thermal treatment could be directly used for the hydrogen transfer processes, like FF-to-furfuryl alcohol conversion. This catalytic strategy opens a new avenue for the selective conversion of biomass feedstocks involving multiple steps and complex processes.

Topics & Concepts