Tunable dynamical magnetoelectric effect in antiferromagnetic topological insulator MnBi2Te4 films
Tongshuai Zhu, Huaiqiang Wang, Haijun Zhang, Dingyu Xing
Abstract
Abstract Axion was postulated as an elementary particle to solve the strong charge conjugation and parity puzzle, and later axion was also considered to be a possible component of dark matter in the universe. However, the existence of axions in nature has not been confirmed. Interestingly, axions arise out of pseudoscalar fields derived from the Chern–Simons theory in condensed matter physics. In antiferromagnetic insulators, the axion field can become dynamical due to spin-wave excitations and exhibits rich exotic phenomena, such as axion polariton. However, antiferromagnetic dynamical axion insulator has yet been experimentally identified in realistic materials. Very recently, MnBi 2 Te 4 was discovered to be an antiferromagnetic topological insulator with a quantized static axion field protected by inversion symmetry $${\mathcal{P}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>P</mml:mi> </mml:math> and magnetic-crystalline symmetry $${\mathcal{S}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>S</mml:mi> </mml:math> . Here, we studied MnBi 2 Te 4 films in which both the $${\mathcal{P}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>P</mml:mi> </mml:math> and $${\mathcal{S}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>S</mml:mi> </mml:math> symmetries are spontaneously broken and found that substantially enhanced dynamical magnetoelectric effects could be realized through tuning the thickness of MnBi 2 Te 4 films, temperature, or element substitutions. Our results show that thin films of MnBi 2 Te 4 and related compounds could provide a promising material platform to experimentally study axion electrodynamics.