Metabolically healthy versus unhealthy obese phenotypes in relation to hypertension incidence; a prospective cohort study
Behrooz Hamzeh, Yahya Pasdar, Shima Moradi, Mitra Darbandi, Negin Rahmani, Ebrahim Shakiba, Farid Najafi
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Although obesity increases the risk of hypertension, the effect of obesity based on metabolic status on the incidence of hypertension is not known. This study aimed to determine the association between obesity phenotypes including metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) and metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) and the risk of hypertension incidence. METHODS: and metabolically unhealthy was considered at least two metabolic disorders based on the International Diabetes Federation criteria. Obesity phenotypes were categorized into four groups including MUO, MHO, metabolically unhealthy non obesity (MUNO), and metabolically healthy non obesity (MHNO). Cox proportional hazards regression models were applied to analyze associations with hypertension incidence. RESULTS: The MHO (HR: 1.37; 95% CI: 1.03-1.86) and MUO phenotypes (HR: 2.44; 95% CI: 1.81-3.29) were associated with higher hypertension risk compared to MHNO. In addition, MUNO phenotype was significantly associated with risk of hypertension incidence (HR: 1.65; 95% CI: 1.29-2.14). CONCLUSIONS: Both metabolically healthy and unhealthy obesity increased the risk of hypertension incidence. However, the increase in metabolically unhealthy phenotype was higher.