Low-Profile Wideband Dual-Polarized Antenna for Millimeter-Wave Beam Steering Applications
Wen Tao Li, Wei Cai, Jia He, Yong Qiang Hei, Xiaowei Shi
Abstract
In this work, a dual-polarized endfire phased antenna array with a low-profile is proposed for millimeter-wave (mmW) beam steering application. The proposed antenna array is constructed by a <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1\times5$ </tex-math></inline-formula> subarray with vertical polarization (V-pol) realized by novel SIW horn antenna and a <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1\times4$ </tex-math></inline-formula> subarray with horizontal polarization (H-pol) realized by quasi-Yagi antenna. Characteristic mode theory (CMT) is employed to guide the wideband design for both V-pol and H-pol elements in the dual-polarized framework. A wide impedance bandwidth for V-pol radiation is 24.6–29.8 GHz, while that for H-pol radiation is 23.37–35.47 GHz. By integrating both subarrays, an overlapping bandwidth from 24.5 to 30 GHz is realized within a total profile of <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.15\lambda _{0} $ </tex-math></inline-formula> ; in addition, high isolation of −20 dB is achieved among most operation band for each element. Furthermore, the maximum realized gain for V-pol radiation and H-pol radiation are 11.4 and 11.6 dBi, respectively. Meanwhile, a wide beam scanning range of −45° to 42° for V-pol radiation and −45° to 39° for H-pol radiation with realized gain over 7 dBi is realized. In virtue of low-profile, wide bandwidth, easy integration, high isolation, and high gain, the proposed antenna array provides a promising candidate for future mmW vehicular applications.