Identification of Novel Potent NSD2-PWWP1 Ligands Using Structure-Based Design and Computational Approaches
Luca Carlino, Peter C. Astles, Bryony Ackroyd, Afshan Ahmed, Christina Chan, Gavin W. Collie, Ian L. Dale, Daniel H. O’Donovan, Caroline H. Fawcett, Paolo Di Fruscia, Andrea Gohlke, Xiaoxiao Guo, Jessie Hao-Ru Hsu, Bethany Kaplan, Alexander G. Milbradt, Sarah Northall, Dušan Petrović, Emma L. Rivers, E. Underwood, A. Dinsmoor Webb
Abstract
Dysregulation of histone methyl transferase nuclear receptor-binding SET domain 2 (NSD2) has been implicated in several hematological and solid malignancies. NSD2 is a large multidomain protein that carries histone writing and histone reading functions. To date, identifying inhibitors of the enzymatic activity of NSD2 has proven challenging in terms of potency and SET domain selectivity. Inhibition of the NSD2-PWWP1 domain using small molecules has been considered as an alternative approach to reduce NSD2-unregulated activity. In this article, we present novel computational chemistry approaches, encompassing free energy perturbation coupled to machine learning (FEP/ML) models as well as virtual screening (VS) activities, to identify high-affinity NSD2 PWWP1 binders. Through these activities, we have identified the most potent NSD2-PWWP1 binder reported so far in the literature: compound 34 (pIC 50 = 8.2). The compounds identified herein represent useful tools for studying the role of PWWP1 domains for inhibition of human NSD2.