Genome-wide profiling of DNA repair proteins in single cells
Kim L. de Luca, Pim M. J. Rullens, Magdalena A. Karpińska, Sandra S. de Vries, Agnieszka Gacek‐Matthews, Lőrinc Sándor Pongor, Gaëlle Legube, Joanna W. Jachowicz, A. Marieke Oudelaar, Jop Kind
Abstract
Accurate repair of DNA damage is critical for maintenance of genomic integrity and cellular viability. Because damage occurs non-uniformly across the genome, single-cell resolution is required for proper interrogation, but sensitive detection has remained challenging. Here, we present a comprehensive analysis of repair protein localization in single human cells using DamID and ChIC sequencing techniques. This study reports genome-wide binding profiles in response to DNA double-strand breaks induced by AsiSI, and explores variability in genomic damage locations and associated repair features in the context of spatial genome organization. By unbiasedly detecting repair factor localization, we find that repair proteins often occupy entire topologically associating domains, mimicking variability in chromatin loop anchoring. Moreover, we demonstrate the formation of multi-way chromatin hubs in response to DNA damage. Notably, larger hubs show increased coordination of repair protein binding, suggesting a preference for cooperative repair mechanisms. Together, our work offers insights into the heterogeneous processes underlying genome stability in single cells. Accurate repair of DNA damage is crucial for genome stability and preventing disease. Here, the authors adapt single-cell omics technologies to map the location of repair proteins across the human genome, showing formation of multi-way chromatin hubs in response to damage.