Cardiorenal Syndrome: A Literature Review
Abimbola O Ajibowo, Okelue E Okobi, Erhieyovbe Emore, Elizabeth Soladoye, Cherechi G Sike, Victor A Odoma, Ibrahim O Bakare, Olasunkanmi A Kolawole, Adebola Afolayan, Emeka Okobi, Chinyereadaeze Chukwu
Abstract
Cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) is a condition characterized by the intricate two-way relationship between the heart and kidneys, which can lead to acute or chronic dysfunction in these organs. The interplay between cardiorenal connectors and both hemodynamic and non-hemodynamic factors is crucial to understanding this syndrome. The clinical importance of these interactions is evident in the changes observed in hemodynamic factors, neurohormonal markers, and inflammatory processes. Identifying and understanding biomarkers associated with CRS is valuable for early detection and enabling intervention before significant organ dysfunction occurs. This comprehensive review focuses on the clinical significance of biomarkers in the diagnosis, prognosis, and management of CRS. Finally, it highlights the necessity for further advancements in managing this condition.