A Randomized Study of Nutritional Supplementation in Patients with Unilateral Wet Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Alfredo García‐Layana, Sergio Recalde, María Hernández, Maximino Abraldes, João Nascimento, Emiliano Hernández-Galilea, Begoña Olmedilla‐Alonso, J.J. Escobar-Barranco, Miguel Ángel Zapata, Rufino Silva, Mariana Caballero Arredondo, M. Carmen López‐Sabater, Silvia Méndez-Martínez, Nieves Pardiñas-Barón, Pilar Calvo, Patricia Fernández‐Robredo
Abstract
The purpose of this study is evaluate the efficacy and safety of medicinal products containing the original Age-Related Eye Disease group (AREDS) formulation at doses approved in Europe (EU, control group; n = 59) with a product that adds DHA, lutein, zeaxanthin, resveratrol and hydroxytyrosol to the formula (intervention group; n = 50). This was a multicenter, randomized, observer-blinded trial conducted in patients aged 50 years or older diagnosed with unilateral exudative Age related Macular Degeneration AMD. At month 12, the intervention did not have a significant differential effect on visual acuity compared with the control group, with an estimated treatment difference in Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) of −1.63 (95% CI −0.83 to 4.09; p = 0.192). The intervention exhibited a significant and, in most cases, relevant effect in terms of a reduction in some inflammatory cytokines and a greater improvement in the fatty acid profile and serum lutein and zeaxantin concentration. In patients with unilateral wet AMD, the addition of lutein, zeaxanthin, resveratrol, hydroxytyrosol and DHA to the AREDS EU recommended doses in the short-term did not have a differential effect on visual acuity compared to a standard AREDS EU formula but, in addition to improving the fatty acid profile and increasing carotenoid serum levels, may provide a beneficial effect in improving the proinflammatory and proangiogenic profile of patients with AMD.