The impact of tumour pH on cancer progression: strategies for clinical intervention
Carol Ward, James Meehan, Mark Gray, Alan F. Murray, David J. Argyle, Ian Kunkler, Simon P. Langdon
Abstract
Dysregulation of cellular pH is frequent in solid tumours and provides potential opportunities for therapeutic intervention. The acidic microenvironment within a tumour can promote migration, invasion and metastasis of cancer cells through a variety of mechanisms. Pathways associated with the control of intracellular pH that are under consideration for intervention include carbonic anhydrase IX, the monocarboxylate transporters (MCT, MCT1 and MCT4), the vacuolar-type H+-ATPase proton pump, and the sodium-hydrogen exchanger 1. This review will describe progress in the development of inhibitors to these targets.
Topics & Concepts
Intracellular pHIntracellularCancerATPaseCancer cellCarbonic anhydraseTransporterChemistryCancer researchIntervention (counseling)MetastasisSodium–hydrogen antiporterEnzymeSodiumBiochemistryBiologyMedicineInternal medicineGeneOrganic chemistryPsychiatryATP Synthase and ATPases ResearchEnzyme function and inhibitionCancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism