Staphylococcus aureus Lipase 1 Enhances Influenza A Virus Replication
Mariya I. Goncheva, Carina Conceicao, Stephen W. Tuffs, Hui-Min Lee, Marlynne Quigg-Nicol, Ian Bennet, Fiona A. Sargison, Amy C. Pickering, Saira Hussain, Andrew C. Gill, Bernadette M. Dutia, Paul Digard, J. Ross Fitzgerald
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) causes annual epidemics and sporadic pandemics of respiratory disease. Secondary bacterial coinfection by organisms such as Staphylococcus aureus is the most common complication of primary IAV infection and is associated with high levels of morbidity and mortality. Here, we report the first identified S. aureus factor (lipase 1) that enhances IAV replication during infection via positive modulation of virus budding. The effect is observed in vivo in embryonated hen’s eggs and greatly enhances the yield of a vaccine strain, a finding that could be applied to address global shortages of influenza vaccines.