Hyaluronic acid promotes Lgr5<sup>+</sup> stem cell proliferation and crypt fission through TLR4 and PGE<sub>2</sub> transactivation of EGFR
Terrence E. Riehl, David M. Alvarado, Xueping Ee, Matthew A. Ciorba, William F. Stenson
2020American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology32 citationsDOIOpen Access PDF
Abstract
This study, in newborn mice, describes a novel molecular pathway regulating Lgr5 + epithelial stem cell proliferation and normal intestinal elongation, as assessed by crypt fission. In this pathway, endogenous extracellular hyaluronic acid binds to Toll-like receptor 4 on pericryptal macrophages releasing PGE 2 which binds to epidermal growth factor receptor on Lgr5 + stem cells resulting in proliferation. Lgr5 + stem cell proliferation leads to crypt fission and intestinal elongation. The demonstration that normal growth requires microbial-independent Toll-like receptor activation is novel.
Topics & Concepts
LGR5CryptStem cellEpidermal growth factor receptorCell biologyCell growthBiologyReceptorChemistryBiochemistryCancer stem cellEndocrinologyNeonatal Respiratory Health ResearchCancer Cells and MetastasisProteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans research