Evaluation of mineral induction ability and cytotoxicity of carbonated hydroxyapatite for pulp tissue regeneration: an <i>in vitro</i> study
S. Swathi Priyadharshini, Chinnasamy Ragavendran, I Sherwood, J. Ramana Ramya, Jogikalmat Krithikadatta
Abstract
Objectives: cytotoxicity with human dental pulp cells. Materials and Methods: Precursors for the study include di-ammonium hydrogen phosphate and calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, with sodium hydrogen carbonate added to achieve different levels of carbonate substitution. The synthesized CHA samples are characterized using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe morphology. For 14 days at 37°C, samples were submerged in simulated body fluid to assess their mineral induction capabilities. SEM was used to confirm apatite formation on sample surfaces. The cytotoxicity assay was used to assess the vitality of the cells following their exposure to various concentrations of CHA. Results: cytotoxicity assay showed that over 70% of cells maintain viability. Conclusions: The results of this study may provide insight into the potential use of carbonated HA as a dental pulp-capping material for vital pulp therapy.