Directing-Group-Assisted Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Direct C–H Oxidative Annulation of Arenes with Alkynes for Facile Construction of Various Oxygen Heterocycles
Guanghua Kuang, Guangyuan Liu, Xingxing Zhang, Naihao Lu, Yiyuan Peng, Qiang Xiao, Yirong Zhou
Abstract
The most recent advances in the construction of oxygen heterocycles by the directing-group-assisted transition-metal-catalyzed direct oxidative annulation of arenes with diverse alkynes are summarized in this review. More than 140 recent research papers and many closely related reviews are referenced in this paper. Nine different oxygen heterocycles frameworks are discussed. Several traditional transition-metal catalysts as well as some classical non-noble metals are utilized to promote the annulation. Three plausible controlling models are disclosed to clarify the excellent regioselectivity outcomes achieved in case of unsymmetrical alkyne substrates. 1 Introduction 2 Coumarins 3 I socoumarins and Their Analogues 4 2-Pyrones and Their Analogues 5 Chromones and Chroman-4-ones 6 Chromenes and Isochromenes 7 Fused Polycyclic Oxygen Heteroaromatics 8 Benzofurans, Dihydrobenzofurans, and Furans 9 Phthalides and Benzofuranones 10 Benzoxepines 11 Conclusion