Effects of oxygen vacancy on bond ionicity and microwave dielectric properties of Y <i> <sub>x</sub> </i> Ce <sub>1−</sub> <i> <sub>x</sub> </i> O <sub>2−0.5</sub> <i> <sub>x</sub> </i> ( <i>x</i> = 0–0.7) ceramics
Ming‐An Shi, Jianing Wang, Wangsuo Xia, Jinzi Yu, Ying Wang, Haitao Wu
Abstract
Abstract Novel Y x Ce 1− x O 2−0.5 x ( x = 0–0.7) ceramics, designed by replacing Ce 4+ with Y 3+ , were prepared using a conventional oxide reaction. The oxygen vacancies, measured by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and analyzed through the electronic structure calculated via the first‐principles method, were employed to investigate the effective valence electron charge, which plays a decisive role in calculating bond ionicity using P–V–L theory. After the substitution of Y 3+ ions, the effective valence electron charge of the Ce–O bond changed because of an increase in oxygen vacancies, ultimately leading to a decrease in the Ce/Y–O bond ionicity of the Y x Ce 1− x O 2−0.5 x ceramics. For microwave dielectric properties, when the Y x Ce 1− x O 2−0.5 x ( x = 0−0.5) ceramics were in the pure phase, porosity‐corrected permittivity and Q × f values depended on the bond ionicity, and the temperature coefficient of the resonance frequency was analyzed using the bond valence. When the Y x Ce 1− x O 2−0.5 x ( x = 0.6 and 0.7) ceramics were in multiple phases, the microwave dielectric properties were associated with the phase composition.