Investigation of fusion probabilities in the reactions with <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mi>Cr</mml:mi><mml:mprescripts/><mml:none/><mml:mrow><mml:mn>52</mml:mn><mml:mo>,</mml:mo><mml:mn>54</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mo>,</mml:mo><mml:mo> </mml:mo><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mi>Ni</mml:mi><mml:mprescripts/><mml:none/><mml:mn>64</mml:mn></mml:mmultiscripts></mml:math>, and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mi>Zn</mml:mi><mml:mprescripts/><mml:none/><mml:mn>68</mml:mn></mml:mmultiscripts></mml:math> ions leading to the formation of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>Z</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>120</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math> superheavy composite systems
K. V. Novikov, Э. М. Козулин, G. N. Knyazheva, I. M. Itkis, М. Г. Иткис, A. A. Bogachev, I. N. Diatlov, M. Cheralu, Deepak Kumar, N. I. Kozulina, А. Н. Пан, I. V. Pchelintsev, I. V. Vorobiev, W. H. Trzaska, S. Heinz, H. M. Devaraja, B. Lommel, E. Vardaci, S. Spinosa, A. Di Nitto, A. Pulcini, S. V. Khlebnikov, Pushpendra P. Singh, Rudra N. Sahoo, B. Gall, Zouhair Asfari, C. Borcea, I. M. Harca, D. Filipescu
Abstract
Background: The formation of superheavy nuclei in fusion reactions is suppressed by a competing quasifission process. The competition between the formation of the compound nucleus and the quasifission depends strongly on the reaction entrance channel.Purpose: The investigation of fission and quasifission processes in the formation of $Z=120$ superheavy composite systems in the $^{52,54}\mathrm{Cr}+^{248}\mathrm{Cm}$ and $^{68}\mathrm{Zn}+^{232}\mathrm{Th}$ reactions, and their comparison with the $^{64}\mathrm{Ni}+^{238}\mathrm{U}$ reaction at energies in the vicinity of the Coulomb barrier.Methods: Mass-energy distributions of fissionlike fragments formed in the reactions $^{52,54}\mathrm{Cr}+^{248}\mathrm{Cm}$ and $^{68}\mathrm{Zn}+^{232}\mathrm{Th}$ at energies near the Coulomb barrier were measured using the double-arm time-of-flight spectrometer CORSET.Results: Capture cross sections for the reactions under investigation were measured. The most probable fragment masses and total kinetic energies as well as their variances in dependence on the interaction energy were studied for asymmetric and symmetric fragments. The fusion probabilities were estimated from the analysis of mass-energy distributions.Conclusions: The estimated fusion probability drops down by a factor of ${10}^{3}$ in the $^{54}\mathrm{Cr}+^{248}\mathrm{Cm}$ reaction compared to the reactions of $^{48}\mathrm{Ca}$ ions with actinides. Among the studied reactions, the $^{54}\mathrm{Cr}+^{248}\mathrm{Cm}$ is the most favorable one for the production of the superheavy element with $Z=120$.