Metal-Ion Coupling in Metal–Organic Framework Materials Regulating the Output Performance of a Triboelectric Nanogenerator
Junshuai Chen, Zhichao Shao, Yujie Zhao, Xiaojing Xue, Hongyue Song, Zijie Wu, Siwen Cui, Lin Zhang, Chao Huang, Liwei Mi, Hongwei Hou
Abstract
Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) as friction nanopower generation materials have attracted more and more research and attention because of the inherent three-dimensional framework structure and large aperture. In this work, the ZUT-75(Mn) with a one-dimensional pore structure was synthesized by using electron-rich benzimidazole carboxylic acid ligands, and isomorphic offspring MOF materials were obtained by single crystal–single crystal solvent-assisted metal-ion exchange. The exchange process was monitored by liquid UV–vis spectroscopy, atomic absorption spectrometry, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The metal–oxygen coordination energy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy binding energy, and hard–soft acid–base principle verified the spontaneity of the central-metal-exchange reaction. The four materials were applied to a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), and the output performance law of ZUT-75 was Co-MT > Zn-MT > Cu-MT > Mn-MT. Among them, the charge and power densities of Co-MT were up to 127.05 μC m–2 and 3280.50 mW m–2. When the density functional theory calculation and variable-temperature magnetic susceptibility test results were combined, it was concluded that low metal-ion-coupling degree promoted the formation and transfer of contact electrifications, which greatly improved the output performance of the TENG. This work provided a new idea for improving the output performance of the TENG.