Prognostic assessment of resected colorectal liver metastases integrating pathological features, <scp><i>RAS</i></scp> mutation and Immunoscore
Paméla Baldin, Marc Van den Eynde, Bernhard Mlecnik, Gabriela Bindea, Gabriela Beniuga, Javier Carrasco, Nacilla Haicheur, Florence Marliot, Lucie Lafontaine, Tessa Fredriksen, Nicolas Lanthier, Catherine Hubert, Benoı̂t Navez, Nicolas D. Huyghe, Franck Pagès, Anne Jouret‐Mourin, Jérôme Galon, Mina Komuta
Abstract
Surgical resection of colorectal liver metastases combined with systemic treatment aims to maximize patient survival. However, recurrence rates are very high postsurgery. In order to assess patient prognosis after metastasis resection, we evaluated the main patho-molecular and immune parameters of all surgical specimens. Two hundred twenty-one patients who underwent, after different preoperative treatment, curative resection of 582 metastases were analyzed. Clinicopathological parameters, RAS tumor mutation, and the consensus Immunoscore (I) were assessed for all patients. Overall survival (OS) and time to relapse (TTR) were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared by log-rank tests. Cox proportional hazard models were used for uni- and multivariate analysis. Immunoscore and clinicopathological parameters (number of metastases, surgical margin, histopathological growth pattern, and steatohepatitis) were associated with relapse in multivariate analysis. Overall, pathological score (PS) that combines relevant clinicopathological factors for relapse, and I, were prognostic for TTR (2-year TTR rate PS 0-1: 49.8.% (95% CI: 42.2-58.8) versus PS 2-4: 20.9% (95% CI: 13.4-32.8), hazard ratio (HR) = 2.54 (95% CI: 1.82-3.53), p < 0.0000; and 2-year TTR rate I 0: 25.7% (95% CI: 16.3-40.5) versus I 3-4: 60% (95% CI: 47.2-76.3), HR = 2.87 (95% CI: 1.73-4.75), p = 0.0000). Immunoscore was also prognostic for OS (HR [I 3-4 versus I 0] = 4.25, 95% CI: 1.95-9.23; p = 0.0001). Immunoscore (HR [I 3-4 versus I 0] = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.12-0.58; p = 0.0009) and RAS mutation (HR [mutated versus WT] = 1.66, 95% CI: 1.06-2.58; p = 0.0265) were significant for OS. In conclusion, PS including relevant clinicopathological parameters and Immunoscore permit stratification of stage IV colorectal cancer patient prognosis in terms of TTR and identify patients with higher risk of recurrence. Immunoscore remains the major prognostic factor for OS.