Virulence alterations in staphylococcus aureus upon treatment with the sub-inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics
Juan Chen, Huyue Zhou, Jingbin� Huang, Rong Zhang, Xiancai Rao
Abstract
Background: virulence are obscure. Aim of review: virulence alterations are also addressed. Key scientific concepts of review: exposure to the sub-MIC levels of antibiotics, resulting in deformed bacterial cells to stimulate abnormal host immune responses, abnormally expressed virulence factors to alter disease development, changed bacterial adhesion and invasion abilities to affect colonization and diffusion, altered biofilm formation to potentate material-related infections, and increased SCV formation to achieve persistent infection and recurrence. These advanced findings expand our knowledge to rethink the molecular signaling roles of antibiotics beyond their actions as antimicrobial agents.