Circulating Biomarkers in Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction
Teja Chakrala, Roshni Prakash, Carlos A. Valdes, Carl J. Pepine, Ellen C. Keeley
Abstract
Coronary microvascular dysfunction is an underdiagnosed pathologic process that is associated with adverse clinical outcomes. Biomarkers, molecules measurable in the blood, could inform the clinician by aiding in the diagnosis and management of coronary microvascular dysfunction. We present an updated review of circulating biomarkers in coronary microvascular dysfunction representing key pathologic processes, including inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, coagulation, and other mechanisms.
Topics & Concepts
MedicineEndothelial dysfunctionInflammationCardiologyOxidative stressInternal medicineBiomarkerCoronary atherosclerosisPathologyCoronary artery diseaseChemistryBiochemistryBiomarkers in Disease MechanismsAtherosclerosis and Cardiovascular DiseasesBlood Coagulation and Thrombosis Mechanisms