Consideraciones generales para estudiar el síndrome anémico. Revisión descriptiva
David López-Valencia, Carlos Felipe Arteaga Erazo, Iván Camilo González-Hílamo, Julieta Betsabet Montero Carvajal
Abstract
Anemia is a global public health problem in developed and undeveloped countries. It has great implications on both human health and socioeconomic development, affecting especially pregnant women, children and young people. A 30-years range (1990-2020) literature search was realized in the PubMed, Scielo, Google Scholar and Redalyc databases. The anemic syndrome is a frequent entity in Colombia as in the world, with high epidemiologic burden, important complications and prognosis, which deserve more attention because of the elevated health costs it may lead to. In this manuscript, the general concepts of anemic syndrome are reviewed, iron-deficiency anemia, megaloblastic anemia, hemolytic anemia and sickle cell anemia, based on epidemiology, etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and prognosis.